长寿的热情:寿命和体温的性别差异
Chiara Ruocco1, Maurizio Ragni1, Enzo Nisoli1
1Center of Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Technologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|December 10, 2024
概括
饮食限制 (DR) 显示出延长寿命和改善健康的前景. 然而,它的有效性因遗传和性别而异,需要个性化的方法才能获得最佳结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 线粒体功能的功能
背景情况:
- 饮食限制 (DR) 是延长寿命和增强各种物种代谢健康的成熟干预措施.
- 动物研究表明,DR (30%-40%的热量减少) 延缓衰老,改善线粒体功能,氧化防御和抗炎途径.
- 像CALERIETM (25%的热量减少) 这样的人类研究表明,减少内脏脂肪和改善心脏代谢健康等益处.
研究的目的:
- 探索饮食限制对寿命和健康寿命的微妙影响.
- 研究遗传背景和性别对DR疗效的影响.
- 重新评估热调节在DR中介寿命中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在动物模型和人类临床试验中对饮食限制的现有文献的审查.
- 分析小鼠群中的遗传多样性,以评估DR反应的变异性.
- 在DR的背景下,对热调节,性别和寿命的新兴数据的检查.
主要成果:
- DR对寿命的影响在很大程度上受遗传背景的影响,这突显了个体的变异性.
- 人类研究证实了DR对代谢健康和与衰老相关的基因表达的好处.
- 较低的体温,性别和寿命之间的关系是复杂的,并不普遍有益.
结论:
- 饮食限制提供了显著的健康和长寿益处,但其有效性是由个人的遗传构成调节的.
- 未来的研究和DR的治疗应用必须考虑遗传和性别特异性因素.
- 对饮食限制的个性化方法对于最大限度地提高健康和寿命的结果至关重要.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
3.9K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:
Factors may include:
3.9K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K
Body Temperature
247
Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
247
Requirements for Human Life
7.7K
The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
7.7K
Natural Selection and Mating Preferences
92
The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
92
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature
100
Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
100


