被诊断患有早期妊娠糖尿病的妇女的特征的种族差异:TOBOGM研究的发现
Lili Yuen1, Vincent Wong2, Jincy Immanuel1
1Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
|December 10, 2024
概括
早期妊娠期糖尿病 (eGDM) 的患病率因种族而异,南亚 (SA) 和东亚和东南亚 (ESEA) 的女性患病率较高. 建议对这些群体进行口服葡萄糖耐受性测试 (OGTT) 的早期查.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 是一个重要的妊娠并发症.
- 早期诊断和治疗GDM对于改善母亲和新生儿的结果至关重要.
- 越来越多地认识到GDM流行率和特征的种族差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了在不同种族群体中比较早期妊娠糖尿病 (eGDM) 的患病率和临床特征.
- 调查女性与eGDM的种族和出生结果之间的关联.
- 确定可能从早期GDM查中受益的族群.
主要方法:
- 一项国际多中心随机对照试验的二次分析,该试验涉及具有GDM风险因素的孕妇.
- 基于WHO-2013标准的GDM诊断,以种族为非欧罗皮类群体的风险因素.
- 在欧洲,南亚 (SA),东亚和东南亚 (ESEA),中东 (ME),毛利和太平洋 (MP) 族群中比较eGDM患病率和临床特征.
主要成果:
- 参议员族裔显示eGDM的原始患病率最高 (26.4%).
- 与欧洲女性相比,南非 (aOR 2.43) 和欧洲 (ESEA) (aOR 2.28) 的女性对eGDM的调整后几率明显更高.
- 葡萄糖模式有所不同,ESEA主要通过后葡萄糖负载值来诊断,而其他人主要通过禁食葡萄糖来诊断. 在族群之间没有观察到主要复合结果或高血压的显著差异.
结论:
- 早期妊娠期糖尿病在南亚和东亚/东南亚妇女中最为普遍,通常通过后葡萄糖负载测量来检测.
- 这些发现强调了在GDM查协议中考虑种族的重要性.
- 特别建议在SA和ESEA族裔背景的妇女进行早期口服葡萄糖耐受性测试 (OGTT).
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