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对于各种外观的自动化车辆,行人对自动化车辆的感知,固定和决策

Wei Lyu¹, Yaqin Cao¹, Yi Ding¹

¹School of Economics and Management, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China.

Accident; analysis and prevention

|December 10, 2024

概括

自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 的屈服行为显著影响行人过路的决定. 虽然文本和雷达等外部功能会分散行人的注意力,但动态的外部人机界面 (eHMI) 可以提高安全性和通信性.

科学领域:

人与计算机的交互
运输工程运输工程
认知心理学认知心理学

背景情况:

未来的自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 将具有新的外部设计,包括身份指标和外部人机接口 (eHMI).
这些自动驾驶汽车设计对行人穿越行为,感知和决策的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索.
行人安全是一个关键问题,需要研究AV如何与弱势道路使用者互动.

研究的目的:

研究AV外观设计和动力学对行人十字路口感知和决策的影响.
分析与自动驾驶汽车交互的行人多式联动性能,包括主观感知,目光模式和交叉决策.
为AVS设计更安全,更有效的外部交互提供见解.

主要方法:

基于视频的眼睛跟踪实验与61名参与者进行.
参与者观看了AVs的视频刺激,其中操纵了动力学模式 (屈服/不屈服) 和各种外观.
记录的关键指标包括感知清晰度,交叉启动时间 (CIT),交叉启动距离 (CID) 和凝视行为.

主要成果:

交叉车的动力学显著影响了行人交叉路口的决定,主观评估和交叉开始距离 (CID).
文字识别指示和屋顶雷达传感器没有影响CIT或CID,但对视觉注意力产生了负面影响 (增加固定数量和持续时间).
外部人机接口 (eHMI) 减少了视觉负载,加快了交叉决策 (时间和空间),并提高了通信效率.

结论:

步行者交叉路口的决定主要由AV屈服行为来决定.
虽然一些AV外部功能可能会分散行人的注意力,但eHMI可以增强行人的感知和决策,提高安全性.
这些发现对自动驾驶汽车的外部交互设计具有重要意义,优先考虑脆弱的道路使用者安全.

关键词:

自动化车辆自动化车辆外观外观外观外观凝视行为凝视行为步行者通道步行者通道交叉路口的道路交叉路口.

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