在希腊克里特岛的两个初级保健机构内,对疹病毒的最新疫苗接种趋势:率和感知驱动的决定因素
M Kefalogianni1, H Dimitriou2, A Bertsias3
1Clinic of Social Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
Semergen
|December 10, 2024
概括
在初级保健中,疹疹 (HZ) 疫苗接种率为36.8%. 感知到的威胁,好处和动机增加了接种疫苗的几率,而安全问题减少了它们,为目标干预提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 在符合条件的人群中,接种疹疫苗对于预防并发症至关重要.
- 了解初级保健机构的疫苗接种率及其决定因素对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 健康信念模型 (HBM) 为探索影响健康行为,包括疫苗接种决定的因素提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 估计公立初级卫生保健 (PHC) 机构的符合条件的访客中对疹病毒 (HZ) 的疫苗接种率.
- 使用健康信念模型 (HBM) 确定与HZ接种疫苗接种相关的决定因素.
主要方法:
- 在2022年10月至12月期间,在希腊的两个公共医疗保健单位进行了一项横截面研究.
- 符合条件的参与者 (60至75岁) 填写了评估人口统计,健康习惯,慢性疾病和与HZ疫苗接种相关的HBM构造的问卷.
- 统计分析探讨了参与者特征,HBM变量和HZ疫苗接种状态之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在400名与会者中,有36.8%接种了HZ疫苗. 高龄和呼吸系统疾病与更高的疫苗接种率有关.
- 与HZ疫苗接种的积极关联包括感知到的威胁 (OR: 1.057),感知到的好处 (OR: 1.327),以及行动的动机 (OR: 2.601).
- 感知到的障碍,特别是安全问题,与接种疫苗的几率有负相关性 (OR:0.845).
结论:
- 该研究确定了影响初级保健机构接种疹疫苗的关键决定因素.
- 感知到的威胁,好处和动机是疫苗接种的重要驱动因素,而安全问题则是障碍.
- 建议加强医疗保健专业教育,以提供个性化的患者咨询,以改善HZ疫苗接种覆盖率.
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