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医学中的人工智能:我们准备好了吗?

Michael Nagler1

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.

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|December 10, 2024
PubMed
概括

医学中的人工智能 (AI) 引发了人们的担忧,原因是偏见的算法可能会伤害患者. 伦理考虑对于开发可信的人工智能应用在医疗保健中至关重要.

科学领域:

  • 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
  • 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
  • 健康 公平 卫生 公平

背景情况:

  • 越来越多的人工智能 (AI) 在包括医疗保健在内的各个领域的使用,引发了重大的伦理问题.
  • 凯西·奥尼尔的"数学破坏的武器"强调了有缺陷的算法如何延续社会偏见并伤害弱势群体.
  • 现有证据表明,医学中的AI算法也可能表现出偏见和不平等.

研究的目的:

  • 探索应用人工智能算法在医学诊断,预后和治疗中的潜在风险和伦理影响.
  • 检查医学中的AI是否可以优先考虑企业利或成本节省而不是患者福祉.
  • 解决医疗专业人员对AI在临床实践中不受控制的使用日益关注的问题.

主要方法:

  • 对医疗保健中人工智能应用现有文献的审查.
  • 分析例证研究,说明非医疗领域的算法偏差.
  • 讨论人工智能在医学中的开发和部署的伦理框架.

主要成果:

  • 有缺陷和不透明的算法已经影响了招聘和信用评分等关键领域.
  • 医学AI应用中的偏见和不平等的证据正在出现.
  • 人们担心人工智能可能服务于商业利益而不是患者需求.

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结论:

  • 人工智能在医学中的不受控制的应用,可能会使偏见和不平等持续存在.
  • 伦理监督和严格的验证对于确保患者安全和公平护理至关重要.
  • 人工智能可能造成伤害的可能性需要仔细考虑,并可能限制其在医学中的使用.