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五叶的挥发性物质通过增强基介导的防御反应来促进昆虫和病原体的抵抗力

Pei-Cheng Huang¹, Katherine M Berg-Falloure¹, Xiquan Gao¹

¹Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, USA.

Plant physiology

|December 10, 2024

概括

五叶挥发物 (PLV) 对于玉米对昆虫和真菌的防御至关重要. 破坏ZmLOX6会减少PLV的产生,降低阻力,而添加PLV则会恢复它,揭示它们强大的信号作用.

科学领域:

植物生物化学和分子生物学
植物病原体相互作用
化学生态化学生态学

背景情况:

植物产生挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 用于防御信号.
六碳绿叶挥发物 (GLVs) 已得到充分研究,但五碳叶挥发物 (PLVs) 的理解较少.
玉米中有一种独特的酶,ZmLOX6,它专门生产PLVs.

研究的目的:

研究PLVs在玉米防御中的生物学作用.
阐明ZmLOX6在植物免疫中的作用.
了解PLVs,GLVs和jasmonates在植物防御中的相互作用.

主要方法:

使用玉米突变物 (lox6和lox6/lox10) 的遗传分析.
代谢物分析以量化VOC和斯蒙酸盐.
生物测试评估对秋军虫 (FAW) 和真菌病原体 (Colletotrichum graminicola,Cochliobolus heterostrophus) 的耐药性.
对突变植物的PLV和9,10-KODA的外源性应用.

主要成果:

破坏ZmLOX6导致PLV和醇的产生减少,降低了对FAW和真菌病原体的抵抗力.
对外应用PLVs和9,10-KODA恢复了lox6突变体中的耐药性.
lox6突变显示了斯酸盐水平的增加,这表明斯酸盐和PLV通路之间的竞争.
感染C. graminicola的lox6突变体中的GLV水平升高增加了易感性,通过突变ZmLOX10.0扭转了这种情况.

结论:

PLV在对抗昆虫草食和真菌病原体的玉米防御中发挥着重要作用.
ZmLOX6对于PLV生物合成和随后的植物防御是至关重要的.
PLV和GLV在防御特定病原体方面表现出截然不同的作用,突出显示复杂的信号网络.

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