对患有慢性疾病的青少年的歧视:系统性审查
Roxane Meurillon1,2, Chantal Stheneur3,4, Enora Le Roux5,6
1Sorbonne University, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75012, Paris, France. roxane.meurillon@aphp.fr.
European journal of pediatrics
|December 10, 2024
概括
患有慢性疾病的青少年面临来自同龄人,父母和专业人士的更高的歧视率. 这一系统性审查强调了进一步研究和早期查的必要性,以减轻负面影响.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年医学 青少年医学
背景情况:
- 歧视对个人产生重大影响,具有已知的风险因素,如年龄,性别,残疾和种族.
- 现有的证据是有限的关于青春期慢性疾病是否会增加歧视风险.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查患有慢性疾病的青少年与健康同龄人之间的歧视的流行,性质和额外风险.
- 从患有常见慢性疾病的青少年的角度综合对歧视经验的发现.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查,包括2000年至2022年间发表的定量和质量研究.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,COCHRANE,PsycINFO,EMBASE,CAIRN,CINAHL) 中搜索患有慢性疾病 (肥胖,,糖尿病,呼吸道,癌症,心血管) 的青少年 (12-18岁) 的研究.
- 包括的研究报告了从青少年的角度来看的歧视及其与他们的疾病的关联.
主要成果:
- 分析了27项涉及超过320万青少年的研究,主要是横截面和最近的研究.
- 根据慢性疾病和背景,歧视的发生率差异很大,从14% (囊性纤维化) 到99% (糖尿病).
- 青少年自我报告歧视,并来自同龄人,父母和专业人士;网络欺凌很少被研究.
结论:
- 患有慢性疾病的青少年似乎更容易受到歧视,尽管研究有限.
- 歧视是一个复杂的问题,有各种形式和来源,影响青少年的发展和生活质量.
- 进一步的研究和早期查对于制定有针对性的干预措施和减少歧视的不利影响至关重要.
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