在质瘤患者的辐射诱导性白细胞脑病变
Syed Faisal Nadeem1, Hania Fatima2, Zanib Javed1
1Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|December 11, 2024
概括
辐射诱导性白细胞脑病 (RIL) 是脑辐射疗法的晚期并发症. 本综述总结了RIL的情况.
科学领域:
- 神经瘤学神经瘤学
- 辐射瘤学 辐射瘤学
- 神经病理学神经病理学
背景情况:
- 辐射诱导性白细胞脑病 (RIL) 是脑瘤的脑辐射疗法 (CRT) 后的一个严重晚期并发症.
- 它表现为渐进的白质损伤,可通过MRI检测,并与显著的神经认知能力下降有关.
研究的目的:
- 为辐射诱导的白细胞脑病症提供全面的审查.
- 巩固当前关于RIL流行病学,病变发生,临床特征和管理策略的知识.
主要方法:
- 关于辐射诱导白血脑病的研究的系统文献综述.
- 对流行病学数据,病原遗传机制,临床表现和治疗结果的分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了关键的风险因素,包括患者年龄,辐射剂量和累积暴露.
- 阐明了潜在的机制:线粒体功能障碍,血脑屏障的破坏,以及寡头细胞的亡.
- 记录了一系列神经认知缺陷,从轻度损伤到重度痴呆.
结论:
- 辐射诱导的白细胞脑病变在质瘤治疗后续治疗中构成了重大挑战.
- 目前的治疗主要是支持性,强调症状控制.
- 目前正在进行的研究重点是降低风险的策略,包括剂量优化和新的治疗方法.
相关概念视频
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
64.7K
Overview
64.7K
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
6.3K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.3K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
2.5K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.5K
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
35
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
35