第一人称效应.第一人称效应.第一人称效应. 重新考虑两个元分析
Klaus Moser1, Karsten I Paul1, Roman Soucek1
1Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
PloS one
|December 11, 2024
概括
第三人称效应表明其他人比自己更受媒体的影响. 这项研究发现了第一人称效应的可取信息,个人认为自己更受影响,与之前的元分析相矛盾.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 媒体效果 媒体效果
- 沟通研究 沟通研究
背景情况:
- 第三人称效应假设个人认为大众媒体的信息比他们自己更能影响他人.
- 一个第一人称效应,即个人认为自己更受理想信息的影响,已经被理论化,但不总是被发现.
- 定义理想信息"影响"的模糊性可能解释了以前对第一人称效应的无效发现.
研究的目的:
- 重新检查元分析数据,特别关注广告和公共服务公告 (PSA).
- 调查是否有第一人称效应对可取信息的存在,解决先前研究中的模两可.
- 为了确认可靠的第一人称效应的存在,挑战现有元分析的结论.
主要方法:
- 重新分析两个现有元分析的数据,将范围限制在广告和PSA相关的研究中.
- 从选定的研究中对效果大小 (d) 和置信区间 (CI) 的统计分析.
- 排除方法上有问题的研究,以确保数据可靠性.
主要成果:
- 复制了第三人称效应对不想要的消息 (d = .83).
- 在广告研究中发现了可取信息的显著第一人称效应 (d = -.47).
- 在排除研究后,证实了公共服务公告 (PSA) 的第一人称效应 (d = -16).
结论:
- 第一人称效应可靠地存在于可取的群众传播信息中,与此前的元分析结论相反.
- 专注于像广告这样的以说服为导向的信息,可以澄清"影响"的模两可,支持第一人称效应.
- 方法论的严谨性和清晰的信息功能对于检测元分析中的第一人称效应至关重要.
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