在南非儿童性侵犯幸存者中发展对复杂创伤的理解:对实践的影响
Shanaaz Mathews1, Lizette M Berry1,2,3
1Children's Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa.
Child abuse review (Chichester, England : 1992)
|December 12, 2024
概括
在南非,儿童性虐待 (CSA) 会导致严重的心理健康问题. 虽然抑郁症随着时间的推移而有所改善,但PTSD在青少年中增加,强调需要创伤知情的家庭支持来打破代际循环.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 创伤研究 创伤研究
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 南非面临着高比例的童年性虐待 (CSA),导致严重的心理健康后果.
- 了解儿童幸存者的长期心理健康调整至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查经历了CSA并获得支持服务的儿童的心理健康调整.
- 探索护理人员和育儿实践在儿童随时间的调整中的作用.
主要方法:
- 混合方法方法结合了与儿童 (7-18岁) 的结构化访谈和与主要照顾者的半结构化访谈.
- 在10个月的时间里使用了经过验证的心理健康查工具和育儿措施.
- 评估了抑郁症,创伤后应激障碍和多受害者经历.
主要成果:
- 近20%的孩子符合抑郁症的标准,年幼的孩子出现康复.
- 超过三分之一 (37%) 的幼儿和24%的青少年在基线时患有PTSD.
- 在较小的儿童 (26%) 中,全症状的PTSD减少,但在青少年 (32%) 中增加;多受害者和护理人员创伤是重要的因素.
结论:
- 治疗干预必须解决儿童经历的复杂创伤和未解决的家庭创伤.
- 解决跨代创伤周期对于CSA幸存者的有效心理健康支持至关重要.
- 青少年需要特别注意PTSD症状轨迹.
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