应对,评估和抗衰老 (CARA) 模型:规范性衰老研究的纵向发现
Carolyn Aldwin1, Soyoung Choun1, Avron Spiro2
1School of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oregon State University.
Psychology and aging
|December 12, 2024
概括
老年人可以保持高的应对效率,这是弹性的一个关键指标,尽管与年龄相关的应对力度下降. 这项研究确定了老龄化过程中不同的应对模式,大多数参与者表现出良好的性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 在老年人中定义性仍然具有挑战性.
- 老龄化中的应对,评估和弹性模型表明,弹性老年人尽量减少努力,同时保持有效性.
- 终身经验可以为后来的资源保护策略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 在老化模型中测试应对能力,评估能力和弹性.
- 为了检查老年男性随着时间的推移,应对力度和有效性的变化.
- 为了确定不同的应对和抗衰老的弹性轨迹.
主要方法:
- 从退伍军人事务规范老龄化研究 (1993-2016) 中对896名男性进行了纵向研究.
- 在24年内评估了应对力度和应对效率.
- 利用多层次建模和基于组的多轨迹模型.
主要成果:
- 应对力度随着年龄的增长显著下降;应对效率显示适度下降.
- 确定了三个不同的群体:扎的铜器 (低稳定努力/有效性),适度下降者 (中等努力/高有效性,都在下降) 和最佳铜器 (高初始努力急剧下降,稳定高有效性).
- 几乎80%的样本保持了高的应对效率,表明显著的弹性.
结论:
- 衰老中的弹性是复杂的,不同的子组表现出不同的应对模式.
- 这些发现支持资源保护和减少不同老化子组的感知控制模型.
- 大多数老年人表现出相当大的性,尽管与年龄相关的变化,但仍然保持着高的应对效率.
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