使用大型语言模型和机器学习对地面变形灾害的高级易感性分析:杭州市的案例研究
Bofan Yu1,2,3, Huaixue Xing1,2, Weiya Ge1,2
1Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China.
PloS one
|December 12, 2024
概括
本研究整合了数据驱动模型和ChatGPT-4以评估地面变形易感性,提高准确性并减少城市崩和沉降评估中的专家偏见.
科学领域:
- 地质科学 地质科学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 对于地面变形灾害的传统易感性评估在很大程度上依赖于基于知识的模型和主观的专家判断.
- 这种依赖可能会导致复杂的城市环境的不一致性和精度限制.
研究的目的:
- 探索数据驱动模型的整合,以评估城市地面崩和沉降易感性.
- 评估使用像ChatGPT-4这样的先进大型语言模型 (LLM) 来取代专家判断来确定灾难重量因素的可行性.
- 开发一种更客观,更准确的地面变形易感性评估框架.
主要方法:
- 选择了一个具有特定地质特征 (填充土壤,泥沙) 的代表性研究区域 (杭州市).
- 确定了九个相关的评估因素,并采用了随机森林反传播 (RF-BP) 神经网络合模型来绘制易感性映射.
- 使用ChatGPT-4来确定评估因素的权重,其判断与使用分析层次过程 (AHP) 的专家评估进行了验证.
主要成果:
- 与单个模型相比,RF-BP神经网络模型显示曲线下的面积 (AUC) 值增加了7%,表明性能有所改善.
- 通过ChatGPT-4确定的权重显示,与专家判断相比,只有3%的最小差异,验证了LLM的可靠性和逻辑一致性.
- 使用ChatGPT-4的权重进行的综合敏感性评估产生了有利和可靠的结果.
结论:
- 集成数据驱动模型,特别是RF-BP神经网络,提高了地面变形易感性评估的准确性.
- 聊天GPT-4提供了一个可行的和可靠的替代专家判断重量决定在灾难评估,提供一致和公正的结果.
- 拟议的框架结合了先进的AI模型和LLM,在客观和有效地评估城市地面变形风险方面取得了重大进展.
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