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Organization of Genes02:07

Organization of Genes

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Overview
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Structure of a Gene01:30

Structure of a Gene

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A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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一个循环的神经元基因

Kyle S Czarnecki1, Elizabeth A Heller1

  • 1Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

非编码RNA调节涉及药物和压力的行为反应的基因. 这一发现为成和与压力相关的疾病背后的分子机制提供了新的见解.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

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Measuring Transcellular Interactions through Protein Aggregation in a Heterologous Cell System
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Measuring Transcellular Interactions through Protein Aggregation in a Heterologous Cell System

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学
  • 分子生物学
  • 遗传学

背景情况:

  • 基因表达受到各种因素的严格调节,包括非编码RNA.
  • 特定基因的失调与药物和压力引起的复杂行为有关.

研究的目的:

  • 研究非编码RNA在控制与药物和压力诱导行为相关的基因表达中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 使用分子生物学技术识别和描述非编码RNA.
  • 使用基因操纵来评估非编码RNA对基因表达的影响.
  • 分析了对药物和压力刺激的行为结果.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定了一种特定的非编码RNA,直接调节关键基因的表达.
  • 证明改变非编码RNA水平会影响基因表达,从而影响行为反应.
  • 观察到与非编码RNA活性相关的药物和压力诱导行为的显著变化.

结论:

  • 非编码RNA在调节行为控制的基因表达方面发挥着关键作用.
  • 这种监管机制是了解和治疗涉及毒和压力反应的潜在目标.