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相关概念视频

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.6K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.8K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

2.2K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor
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Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

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可转移元素的活性捕捉到人类多能细胞状态.

Florencia Levin-Ferreyra1,2,3,4, Srikanth Kodali1,2,3,4, Yingzhi Cui1,2,3,4

  • 1Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

EMBO reports
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
概括

可移植的元素显示出不同的人类多能干细胞状态. 一个新的记者系统跟踪多能性过渡,并识别了NSD1和FUS等保护措施,推动了发育生物学研究.

关键词:
DNA 损伤 DNA 损伤胚胎干细胞 胚胎干细胞多能性是一种多能性.在Totipotency中使用.可转移的元素可以转移.

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Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing
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Derivation and Characterization of a Transgene-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line and Conversion into Defined Clinical-grade Conditions
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Derivation and Characterization of a Transgene-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line and Conversion into Defined Clinical-grade Conditions

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相关实验视频

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Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

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Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing
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Derivation and Characterization of a Transgene-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line and Conversion into Defined Clinical-grade Conditions
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科学领域:

  • 发展生物学 发展生物学
  • 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

  • 人类多能干细胞 (hPSCs) 模拟了人类早期发育,但人们对它们的不同状态知之甚少.
  • 多能性和差异化的分子调节者仍未完全表征.
  • 可转移元素 (TE) 越来越多地被认为是它们在基因组调节和细胞状态动态中的作用.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的报告系统,用于实时监测hPSC状态.
  • 为了确定分子决定因素,规范过渡之间天真和原始的多能性.
  • 为了发现hPSCs内部的新细胞种群和调节机制.

主要方法:

  • 工程 hPSC 具有双光报道器用于特定的 TE (LTR5_Hs,MER51B).
  • 实时跟踪和隔离经历多能状态转换的hPSCs.
  • 转录组分析以表征细胞种群并确定调节因素.

主要成果:

  • 测试试验作为不同的hPSC状态和多能动态的敏感指标.
  • 双报告员系统准确地监测从原始到原始的多能性和差异化的过渡.
  • 发现了一种罕见的,转移稳定的原始化hPSC群体,具有植入前胚胎发育特征和DNA损伤反应.
  • NSD1和FUS被确定为化多能性的关键保护措施.

结论:

  • 可转移的元素为剖析hPSC状态和发展轨迹提供了强大的工具.
  • 与传统方法相比,新型报告员系统提供了更准确的多能性读数.
  • 了解TE和NSD1和FUS等相关因素对于控制hPSC命运和在再生医学和发育研究中的应用至关重要.