物理和职业治疗中的可持续实施努力:范围审查
Johanna Fritz1, Sara Landerdahl Stridsberg2, Riikka Holopainen3,4
1School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Box 883, Västerås, SE-721 23, Sweden. johanna.fritz@mdu.se.
Implementation science communications
|December 12, 2024
概括
物理治疗师和职业治疗师持续实施基于证据的指南需要更长的支持期和更多的策略. 行为改变技术和基于理论的干预措施是持续临床实践变革的关键.
科学领域:
- 健康 专业 教育 卫生 专业 教育
- 实施科学 实施科学
- 康复疗法 康复疗法
背景情况:
- 医疗保健专业人员经常难以在实践中一致应用基于证据的指导方针.
- 实施基于证据的方法需要系统的支持,但有效的准则遵守策略仍然不清楚.
- 行为改变技术为详细实施策略提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 探索与物理治疗师 (PT) 和职业治疗师 (OT) 持续的临床行为变化相关的实施策略和行为改变技术.
- 确定有助于长期采用以证据为基础的康复实践的因素.
- 解决关于持续PT和OT临床行为的策略和技术的两个研究问题.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行了范围审查.
- 搜索了六个数据库以确定相关研究.
- 包括的研究评估了PT或OT临床行为变化至少在干预后6个月.
主要成果:
- 包括29项研究,其中21项报告持续的,8项报告不持续的行为变化.
- 持续的结果与7个实施策略,更长的支持期 (12-24个月) 和基于理论的干预 (86%) 的中位数有关.
- 很少有研究详细地使用行为改变技术实施战略.
结论:
- 在PTs和OT中持续的临床行为与更长的实施期,增加的策略,基于理论的干预和行为改变技术有关.
- 特定策略,如审计/反,以及解决问题等技术,在持续的结果中更为常见.
- 精确描述的实施研究对于理解和实现持久的实践变化至关重要.
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