由遗传进化驱动的流感A(H3N2) 的抗原变化:来自病毒学监测的见解,欧盟/欧洲经济区,2023年40周至2024年9周
Eeva K Broberg1, Maja Vukovikj1, Olov Svartström1
1European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
概括
在2023/24年流感季节,流感病毒A ((H1N1) pdm09,A ((H3N2) 和B/维多利亚在欧盟/欧洲经济区传播. 基因多样化继续,一些A(H3N2) 病毒显示出来自疫苗的抗原漂移.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在欧盟/欧洲经济区的2023/24年流感季节,流感病毒A ((H1N1) pdm09,A ((H3N2) 和B (维多利亚) 病毒的同时传播.
- 监控数据的收集通过欧洲监控系统 (TESSy) 每周一次.
研究的目的:
- 根据亚型,基因类,抗原组和抗病毒易感性,在2023/24赛季在欧盟/欧洲经济区对流通的流感病毒进行表征.
- 为了告知疫苗菌株选择和公共卫生战略.
主要方法:
- 从29个欧盟/欧洲经济区国家收集和分析流感监测数据.
- 基于菌株的数据提交时间为2023年40周至2024年9周.
- 检测到的流感病毒的遗传和抗原特征.
主要成果:
- 报告发现了超过154,000例流感病毒,其中97%为A型流感病毒.
- 在亚型A病毒中,流感A ((H1N1) pdm09 (75%) 和A ((H3N2) (25%) 主导.
- 占主导地位的菌株包括A ((H1N1) pdm09的5a.2a,A ((H3N2) 的2a.3a.1和B/Victoria的V1A.3a.2.
- 23%的A(H3N2) 2a.3a.1病毒在抗原上与2023/24疫苗不同.
- 仅检测到B/维多利亚血统病毒,没有发现B/Yamagata血统病毒.
结论:
- 在2023/24赛季,共流行的流感病毒与2023/24疫苗组件相似.
- 观察到流感病毒的持续遗传多样化.
- 世卫组织更新了2024/25年的疫苗建议,其中包括一个新的A(H3N2) 组件.
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