加利福尼亚州与野火相关的紧急部门访问PM2.5:个人和社区的风险不同
Jennifer D Stowell1,2, Ian Sue Wing2,3, Yasmin Romitti2,3,4
1Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.
野火烟雾 (WFS) 暴露增加了对呼吸系统问题的急诊室访问. 健康风险因年龄,种族和空调 (AC) 可用性而异,较低的AC接入与更高的风险相关.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在增加野火的频率和强度,导致更多的野火烟雾 (WFS) 暴露.
- 现有的研究表明WFS对健康有不良影响,但对不同人群风险变化的理解是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 量化WFS归因的细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 对加利福尼亚州急诊室 (ED) 访问的健康影响.
- 检查WFS相关的健康风险在人口和社区级子组之间有何差异.
主要方法:
- 在加利福尼亚州 (2012-2019) 的ED访问中利用了一个大型的医疗保健索赔数据库.
- 使用时间分层的案例交叉设计与分布式滞后非线性模型来评估PM2.5-WFS关联.
- 根据年龄,种族,社会脆弱性和住宅空调 (AC) 的流行情况,分析了各个子组的风险变化.
主要成果:
- 与WFS相关的PM2.5暴露与7天内所有原因,非意外原因和呼吸道疾病的ED访问增加有关.
- 对于心血管疾病和ED访问,没有发现显著的关联.
- 亚组分析表明,根据年龄,种族和AC患病率,敏感性可能存在差异,AC可用性较低与更高的健康风险相关.
结论:
- 与WFS相关的PM2.5显著增加了无缘无故,非意外和呼吸器ED访问的比例.
- 与WFS相关的健康风险在人口子组中呈现异质性.
- 限定的住宅空调可用性加剧了野火烟雾暴露的健康风险.
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