"我可以做什么? 与他战斗吗?"这是一个问题. 在怀孕期间减少二手烟暴露的感知和经验:以色列妇女的定性研究
Maya Rodnay1, Nisreen Agbaria2,3, Yehuda Neumark1
1Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
概括
孕妇知道二手烟 (SHS) 是有害的,但缺乏知识和技能来减少暴露. 干预措施必须提高信心,谈判技巧和意识,以保护母亲和婴儿健康.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇健康 孕产妇健康
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 怀孕期间接触二手烟 (SHS) 对母亲和孩子的健康构成重大风险.
- 了解孕妇对SHS暴露的看法对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索以色列孕妇对SHS暴露的看法.
- 确定在家庭和汽车环境中减少SHS暴露的障碍物和促进因素.
主要方法:
- 对68名孕妇或产后妇女 (犹太人和阿拉伯人) 进行了定性半结构化的电话采访.
- 能力 (C) 机会 (O) 动机 (M) 行为模型指导了主题分析.
- 参与者年龄在18-45岁之间,说希伯来语或阿拉伯语,并与吸烟者住在一起.
主要成果:
- 妇女对SHS危害具有一般知识,但缺乏具体知识,并对暴露存在误解.
- 障碍包括要求别人不吸烟的不适,缺乏卫生专业人士的支持,社会隔离 (阿拉伯参与者) 和环境因素.
- 妇女报告说,感觉陷入困境和无助,尽管有很高的动力来减少SHS暴露.
结论:
- 尽管有动力,但知识不足,谈判技巧差,误解和支持不足,导致怀孕期间持续暴露于SHS.
- 干预措施应侧重于赋予女性信心,谈判技巧,准确的暴露意识和自我有效性,以减少SHS.
- 数字干预可以有效地接触到弱势群体,并为孕妇及其伴侣提供量身定制的信息.
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