与SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种相关的自身免疫性肝炎:朝着更清晰的定义
Cumali Efe1, Sarp Uzun2, Matthias S Matter2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Harran University Hospital, Sanlıurfa, Turkey.
概括
罕见的急性肝损伤病例与严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗有关,可能是由于尖端蛋白引发免疫反应. 这种被称为SARS-CoV-2疫苗相关性肝损伤 (SVALI) 的疾病,通常表现为自身免疫特征,并且通常会在治疗后消失.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疫苗对于大流行控制至关重要,但很少有报道的不良事件.
- 在SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后观察到具有自身免疫特征的急性肝损伤 (ALI).
- 关于疫苗相关的ALI现有研究显示诊断标准和患者群体的异质性.
研究的目的:
- 研究与SARS-CoV-2疫苗相关的急性肝损伤的特征和潜在病理生理学.
- 为这种独特的临床实体提出一个命名法.
主要方法:
- 审查报告的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后急性肝损伤病例.
- 对临床,免疫学和治疗数据的分析.
- 讨论涉及疫苗尖尖蛋白的拟议病原机制.
主要成果:
- 与SARS-CoV-2疫苗相关的急性肝损伤 (ALI) 是罕见的,异质的,并且通常具有自身免疫标记物,如免疫球蛋白G升高和阳性自身抗体.
- 疫苗的尖端蛋白质与异常免疫反应有关.
- 肝损伤通常发生在第二剂疫苗接种后,潜伏期从1到147天不等.
- 大多数病例对皮质类固醇和阿扎西奥普林有反应,结果通常有利,尽管发生了需要移植或导致死亡的严重病例.
结论:
- 与SARS-CoV-2疫苗相关的肝损伤 (SVALI) 是一种独特的,潜在的自身免疫性肝炎.
- 虽然SVALI通常是可控的,但可能需要长期免疫抑制或导致严重的后果.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明SVALI.背后的确切免疫机制.
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