犯错是人类的:在与人类合作者和机器的互动期间,ERP绩效监测的差异
Bence Neszmélyi1, Roland Pfister2
1Department of Psychology III, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, Würzburg 97070, Germany.
Biological psychology
|December 15, 2024
概括
在互动任务中观察机器错误会引起大脑比人类错误更强烈的反应. 这表明,预计自动化系统是可预测的,使其错误更加明显,并产生更大的预测错误信号.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 人与计算机的交互
- 社会机器人社会机器人社会机器人
背景情况:
- 交互式任务中的代理人根据合作伙伴的反应调整行为.
- 之前的研究表明,在与人类和机器互动时的调整不同.
- 事件相关潜力 (ERP) 可以反映错误的认知处理.
研究的目的:
- 调查观察人类与机器错误是否会引起不同的事件相关潜力 (ERP).
- 为了比较人类错误和机器故障的观测错误相关负面性 (oERN) 和观测错误积极性 (oPE).
主要方法:
- 参与者参与了一个四个选择的反应时间任务.
- 参与者认为他们正在与人类代理人或机器互动.
- 不规则的视觉效果被归因于人为错误或机器故障.
- 脑电图 (EEG) 记录了ERP,特别是oERN和oPE.
主要成果:
- 观察到的错误阳性 (oPE) 没有受到交互类型 (人与机器) 的影响.
- 与人类错误相比,观察到的与错误相关的负面性 (oERN) 幅度在机器故障方面显著更大.
- 这一发现与之前的研究相反,该研究表明对人类错误的反应更大.
结论:
- 预计自动化系统将以可预测的方式运行.
- 机器犯下的错误在交互环境中更为突出,比人类错误引起的预测错误信号更大.
- 这表明,自动化代理对自动化代理的预期性能偏差的敏感性增加.
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