在胸部成像和诊断中对ChatGPT 4.0的评估
Golnaz Lotfian1, Keyur Parekh1, Mohammed Abdul Sami1
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA.
Cureus
|December 16, 2024
概括
聊天GPT 4.0在胸部放射学中表现出强大的诊断准确性,总体达到84.9%. 虽然在传染性肺炎等特定领域表现出色,但性能的变化凸显了在医学成像中进一步发展人工智能的需要.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 自然语言处理应用程序
- 胸部放射学 诊断 诊断 胸部放射学
背景情况:
- 自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型,包括ChatGPT 4.0,正在越来越多地影响医疗数据分析和临床工作流程.
- 在像胸部成像等专业医疗领域,先进的NLP工具的诊断能力需要彻底评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT 4.0在回答与胸部成像相关的多选择题的诊断性能.
- 分析ChatGPT 4.0在不同胸部成像子组的诊断能力的准确性和可变性.
主要方法:
- 利用ChatGPT 4.0来回答来自胸部成像场景的多选择题.
- 进行严格的统计分析,以评估准确性,并确定各子组的绩效差异.
主要成果:
- 在胸部放射学问题上获得了84.9%的整体诊断准确率.
- 在术语和诊断标志方面表现出完美的分数,在重症监护中高准确度 (90%) 和正常解剖 (80%).
- 病理学子组的准确率平均为89.1% (在传染性肺炎,乳腺癌中表现出色),而与疾病有关的问题平均为79.1% (在血管疾病中低于50%和肺癌为66.7%).
结论:
- 聊天GPT 4.0显示出在帮助胸部疾病诊断方面具有显著的潜力.
- 在性能中发现的变化需要进一步研究和改进人工智能变压器架构,以提高临床可靠性.
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