古代基因组学支持东地中海和西地中海之间的深度分歧 - - 印欧语言
Fulya Eylem Yediay1,2, Guus Kroonen3,4, Serena Sabatini2
1Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 16, 2024
概括
古老的DNA揭示了印欧语言的独特欧洲起源. 草原祖先通过意大利和法国的西方钟杯种群抵达,与意大利语和凯尔特语联系起来,而希腊语和亚美尼亚语则追溯到东方Yamnaya群体的祖先.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和语言学 遗传学和语言学
- 古代DNA分析 古代DNA分析
- 人口历史 人口历史
背景情况:
- 印欧语言家族的早期多元化是有争议的,与欧洲青铜时代的草原祖先扩张有关.
- 之前的研究指出,草原衍生的群体共存,但它们在语言起源中的具体作用仍然不清楚.
- 了解祖先的意大利语,凯尔特语,希腊语和亚美尼亚语的人口流通需要详细的人口历史.
研究的目的:
- 调查南欧印欧语群体的祖先遗传历史.
- 为了确定为地中海印欧语言的出现做出了贡献的特定的草原衍生种群.
- 用古老的基因组和同位素数据测试关于语言家族起源的语言假设.
主要方法:
- 来自地中海和周边地区的314名古代个体的基因组测序 (5,2002,100 BP).
- 对新生成的数据与已发表的古老基因组数据进行共同分析.
- 斯特同位素分析了224个古代个体,以推断其移动性和起源.
主要成果:
- 在青铜时代的南欧,发现了草原祖先的显著东西划分.
- 贝尔贝克 (BB) 种群在西欧 (西班牙,法国,意大利) 的草原祖先的到来中介,与意大利语和凯尔特语有关.
- 亚美尼亚人和希腊人直接从东亚曼尼亚人群中获得了草原祖先,支持希腊-亚美尼亚语言假设.
结论:
- 该研究提供了与意大利-凯尔特语和希腊-亚美尼亚语语言分歧模型一致的遗传证据.
- 这些发现与印欧语言家族起源的一些替代模型相矛盾.
- 古代DNA分析对于重建史前人口和语言社区多样化至关重要.
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