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相关概念视频

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.2K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.2K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.0K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.0K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

6.9K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
6.9K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

10.8K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

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时间由聚类CpG位点的甲基化变化编码.

Bracha-Lea Ochana1, Daniel Nudelman2, Daniel Cohen1

  • 1Dept. of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

新的研究揭示了与年龄相关的DNA甲基化模式在集群的CpG站点. 这一发现使得从单个细胞中高精度的时间学年龄预测成为可能,进步了生物年龄推断和法医科学.

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DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis
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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 随着年龄的增长,DNA甲基化发生变化,使生物和时间学年龄的估计成为可能.
  • 驱动这些依赖年龄的DNA甲基化变化的精确机制尚未完全理解.
  • 目前的表观遗传时钟在准确性和底层细胞过程方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 研究依赖年龄的DNA甲基化的区域和随机机制.
  • 利用DNA甲基化开发一种新的,高度准确的方法,用于使用DNA甲基化进行时间学年龄预测.
  • 探索DNA甲基化模式中的年龄编码的细胞基础.

主要方法:

  • 在300多个血液样本中对DNA甲基化进行超深度测序.
  • 深度学习分析特定基因组位置的单分子DNA甲基化模式.
  • 在独立的人类血液样本上验证年龄预测准确度.

主要成果:

  • 年龄相关的DNA甲基化变化发生在邻近的CpG位点的区域,随机或块状.
  • 深度学习模型通过DNA甲基化实现了非常准确的时间年龄预测 (1.46-1.7年中位误差).
  • 时间学年龄可以从50个DNA分子中推断出来,这表明细胞水平的年龄编码.
  • 性别,BMI和吸烟等因素并没有影响时间学年龄推断.

结论:

  • 聚类DNA甲基化变化为细胞和组织时间测量提供了基本的见解.
  • 开发的深度学习方法显著提高了表观遗传钟的准确性.
  • 这项研究在医学诊断和法医科学中具有潜在的应用,用于确定年龄.