精神疾病,结核病风险和移民身份之间的关联
S E Hayward1,2, K L Kristensen3,4, A Deal1,2
1Institute for Infection and Immunity, School of Health and Medical Sciences, City St George's, University of London, London, UK.
IJTLD open
|December 16, 2024
概括
患有精神障碍的人,特别是吸毒者或精神病患者,患结核病 (TB) 的风险明显更高. 这凸显了对这一弱势群体进行综合心理健康护理和有针对性的结核病查的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 和精神疾病是重大的公共卫生问题,经常同时发生.
- 高收入国家的移民不成比例地受到这两种情况的影响.
- 了解心理健康和结核病风险之间的相互作用对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究精神疾病对结核病风险的影响.
- 检查移民状况如何影响精神疾病和结核病之间的关系.
- 为了确定与高结核病风险相关的特定精神障碍.
主要方法:
- 从1994年到2015年,丹麦进行了一项全国性的前性队列研究.
- 这项研究包括了大量的移民群体,并与丹麦出生的个人匹配.
- 考克斯回归模型被用来分析精神疾病与结核病风险之间的关联,并根据相关的共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 与没有精神障碍的人相比,患有精神障碍的人患结核病的发生率要高得多.
- 与移民 (HR 1.37) 相比,在丹麦出生的患有精神障碍的人群中,结核病的风险显著增加 (HR 15.51).
- 特定的精神障碍,包括物质使用障碍 (HR 5.49) 和精神病 (HR 4.19),与增加结核病风险密切相关.
结论:
- 患有精神疾病的人,特别是患有精神病和物质使用障碍的人,代表了结核病的高风险群体.
- 针对性结核病查和治疗策略对于患有精神障碍的人来说至关重要.
- 建议将全面的心理健康护理整合到结核病计划中,以实现对患者福祉的整体方法.
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