推进个性化优势指数 (PAI):在焦虑障碍中对两个大型多站点样本进行系统审查和应用
Charlotte Meinke1, Silvan Hornstein1, Johanna Schmidt2
1Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Psychological medicine
|December 16, 2024
概括
违反预测建模标准,例如使用leave-one-out交叉验证和数据泄露,可能会高估个性化优势指数 (PAI) 实用程序. 遵守这些标准可以确保对PAI的临床应用进行公正的评估.
科学领域:
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 临床预测模型临床预测模型
背景情况:
- 个性化优势指数 (PAI) 是针对个体患者量身定制治疗的有希望的工具.
- 之前的研究支持其在各种临床环境中的回顾性实用性.
- 本研究探讨了基础预测模型中的方法选择如何影响PAI评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估现有PAI研究中的偏差风险.
- 评估特定的方法选择 (leave-one-out交叉验证和数据泄露) 对PAI实用性的影响.
- 为无偏见的PAI实现提供一个验证的,可访问的脚本.
主要方法:
- 使用预测模型研究预测偏差风险评估工具 (PROBAST) 审查了先前的PAI研究.
- 评估标准的遵守情况:不进行一次性交叉验证 (LOO CV) 和防止数据泄露.
- 对比了PANIC-net和Protect-AD数据集中的传统 (违反标准) 和先进 (遵守标准) 方法.
主要成果:
- 由于方法选择,PROBAST在大多数PAI研究中发现了显著的偏差.
- 普遍存在对标准的不遵守,包括LOO CV和数据泄露.
- 忽视标准系统地高估了PAI的实用性.
结论:
- 违反预测建模标准可能会导致PAI实用性的错误正值评估.
- 公正的评估对于PAI的临床应用至关重要.
- 为确保PAI实施提供了一个公开可访问的,低偏差的脚本,以确保准确的评估.
相关概念视频
01:18Anxiety: Overview
243
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
243
01:22Behavior Therapy
42
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
42
01:30Generalized Anxiety Disorder
45
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
45
01:27Panic Disorder
31
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
31
01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
22
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
22
01:26Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview
226
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
226