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相关概念视频

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

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Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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基于增强变压器的双向相互作用方向差异注意力模型,用于甲状腺结节分类.

Ming Liu1,2, Jianing Yao1,2, Jianli Yang1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China.

Biomedical physics & engineering express
|December 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

这项研究介绍了IFormer-DVNet,这是一种用于准确分类甲状腺结节的新型深度学习模型. 它通过有效处理超声波图像噪声和微妙的特征差异来提高诊断准确性,有助于癌症检测.

关键词:
双向相互作用方向偏差注意力注意力深度学习是一种深度学习.增加了变压器的变压器.甲状腺结节的分类 甲状腺结节的分类

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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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科学领域:

  • 医疗成像医学成像
  • 人工智能的人工智能
  • 在瘤学瘤学.

背景情况:

  • 准确的甲状腺结节分类对于癌症诊断至关重要.
  • 超声波图像噪声和细微的轮/纹理差异挑战了现有的模型.
  • 低分类准确度阻碍了良性与恶性结节的有效诊断.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种先进的深度学习模型,用于精确的甲状腺结节分类.
  • 为了增强模型克服噪音和微妙的特征变化在超声波图像的能力.
  • 提高诊断准确度,以区分良性和恶性甲状腺结节.

主要方法:

  • 提出了用于全球特征建模和降噪的增强变压器 (IFormer).
  • 引入了双向交互方向变量注意 (BIDVA) 模块,用于集中特征提取.
  • 开发了一个多维损失 (MD Loss) 函数,以改善阶级分离和处理不平衡.

主要成果:

  • 在TNCD数据集上,IFormer-DVNet实现了76.55%的准确性,在私人数据集上达到93.02%.
  • 与最先进的网络相比,该模型在所有评估指标上都表现出卓越的性能.
  • 增强变压器有效地减轻了噪音干扰,BIDVA加强了对信息区域的关注.

结论:

  • IFormer-DVNet在自动化甲状腺结节分类方面取得了重大进展.
  • 拟议的架构有效地解决了超声波图像噪声和微妙的诊断特征所带来的挑战.
  • 这种模型有望提高甲状腺癌诊断的准确性和效率.