在辐射保护上花费多少资源是合理的?
A Engström1,2, M Isaksson1, R Javid3
1Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
概括
本研究引入了一种评估辐射保护的新方法,将社会成本与经济因素相平衡. 它为公众和工人提供了经合组织国家对保护价值的最新建议.
科学领域:
- 辐射保护 辐射保护
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 社会资源是有限的,需要优先考虑支出,包括辐射保护.
- 根据ALARA (尽可能低的合理水平) 原则,在考虑经济和社会因素的情况下,指导辐射暴露限值.
- 使用alpha (α) 值的成本效益分析是确定"合理可实现"辐射保护水平的常用方法,但需要更新社会成本的转换方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种改进的方法,将社会成本转换为辐射保护的α (α) 值.
- 为经济合作与发展组织 (OECD) 成员国提供对α值的最新建议.
主要方法:
- 对社会成本进行了系统审查,包括统计寿命的价值,生产力损失和医疗保健费用.
- 使用折扣率和蒙特卡洛模拟来建模辐射暴露和癌症诊断之间的时间.
- 基于这些分析,开发了一种新的转换方法来确定α (α) 值.
主要成果:
- 新的转换方法导致了折扣的名义风险暴露:公众的中位数为每10,000人每Sv175 (136-222) 和工人每10,000人每Sv169 (134-207).
- 经合组织国家推的alpha (α) 值为每人mSv56-170美元,公众为每人mSv61-162美元,工人为每人mSv61-162美元 (2023美元).
结论:
- 该研究通过整合健康经济学和最新的社会成本数据,提出了一种精细的方法来量化辐射保护的价值.
- 由此产生的建议为经合组织国家在辐射保护方面做出一致和经济合理的决策提供了基础.
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