脑卒中患者的性别差异:巴西一项基于医院的多中心前性研究
Gisele Sampaio Silva1,2, Daniela Laranja Gomes Rodrigues1, Monique Bueno Alves2
1Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 16, 2024
概括
脑卒中后果和风险因素显示出明显的性别差异. 妇女在中风后经历了更大的残疾,表明需要量身定制的预防和治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球中风死亡率在男性中较高,但女性由于预期寿命较长而面临不成比例的负担.
- 了解中风流行病学和治疗中的性别差异对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究中风流行病学和治疗结果的性别差异,在巴西福塔雷萨.
- 确定中风后男性和女性之间临床表现,风险因素和功能结果的差异.
主要方法:
- 2009年至2012年期间,从19家医院的4679名患者 (2403名女性) 收集了前性数据.
- 按出生时分配的性别进行分层,并分析人口统计数据,临床症状,并发病症以及在出院时修改的兰金尺度 (mRS) 评分.
- 利用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来评估中风残疾的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 女性年龄较大,更有可能是白人,住院和CT扫描的时间相似.
- 男性更多地表现出运动,言语和感官缺陷,而女性则报告意识减弱和头痛.
- 妇女患糖尿病和肥胖率较高;男性吸烟,滥用酒精和先前心血管事件的比例较高. 较少的女性达到≤2的mRS得分 (77.6%与81.7%相比),女性性别是较高mRS得分的独立预测因子 (OR1.23).
结论:
- 这项研究强调了南美中风流行病学和结果中性别特异性的显著细微差别.
- 风险因素和中风的临床表现在男性和女性之间有所不同.
- 需要量身定制的预防策略和治疗方法来解决性别特异性中风负担.
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