在马拉维,艾滋病毒感染者和患有抑郁症的青少年面临的耻辱和歧视
Maria Faidas1, Melissa A Stockton2, Steven M Mphonda3
1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 321 S Columbia St., Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. maria_faidas@med.unc.edu.
BMC global and public health
|December 16, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒的污名显著影响着马拉维的艾滋病毒感染青少年 (ALWH) 和抑郁症. 解决污名化问题对于改善ALWH中心理健康和艾滋病护理参与度至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 马拉维艾滋病毒感染青少年 (ALWH) 患有高抑郁率,艾滋病毒污名化是其中一个主要因素.
- 耻辱加剧了心理健康状况不佳,并阻碍了ALWH在艾滋病毒治疗中的参与.
- 对于艾滋病毒污名是如何被ALWH与伴随性抑郁症体验的,人们的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 描述马拉维的伴随性抑郁症青少年中艾滋病污名的经历.
- 分析这些人群中艾滋病污名的驱动因素,表现,结果和影响.
- 为发展有针对性的干预措施提供信息,以减少耻辱.
主要方法:
- 与ALWH,护理人员和艾滋病毒提供者进行了深入采访,社会支持映射和焦点小组讨论.
- 数据使用污名码进行分析,并根据健康污名和歧视框架进行组织.
- 该研究涉及25名ALWH,4名护理人员,3名艾滋病毒提供者以及干预参与者/工作人员.
主要成果:
- 导致艾滋病毒污名化的关键因素包括对传播的恐惧,ART副作用和负面态度.
- 耻辱的表现包括八,侮辱,社会排斥和疏远.
- 结果包括减少ART坚持,错过预约,以及恶化的精神健康并发症,如抑郁症和自杀倾向.
结论:
- 艾滋病污名严重影响了马拉维青少年的心理健康和艾滋病治疗.
- 弹性策略包括心理社会支持和参与艾滋病毒护理.
- 投资于减少耻辱的干预措施对于改善ALWH的健康结果至关重要.
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