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超加工食品和前列腺癌风险:系统性审查和元分析
Cayla Fichtel-Epstein1, Janice Huang1, Benjamin James Rich2
1Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Cancers
|December 17, 2024
概括
这次元分析发现,高超加工食品 (UPF) 摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间没有显著联系. 然而,UPF消费可能会略微增加前列腺癌死亡率,这需要进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 前列腺癌是美国男性癌症死亡的主要原因.
- 饮食和运动被研究为预防,但证据是不确定的.
- 超加工食品 (UPF) 越来越多地受到对健康影响的审查.
研究的目的:
- 调查超加工食品消费与前列腺癌风险和死亡率之间的关联.
- 根据研究设计,年龄和饮食评估方法进行子组分析.
主要方法:
- 一个全面的文献搜索确定了使用UPF的NOVA分类的观察性研究.
- 六项研究 (四个队列,两个病例控制) 被纳入了元分析.
- 使用食物频率问卷和24小时召回进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 在高UPF消费和增加前列腺癌风险之间没有发现显著的关联 (RR=1.02,95%CI=0.96-1.08).
- 观察到前列腺癌死亡率的轻微,非显著增加 (RR = 1.15,95% CI = 0.99-1.35).
- 根据饮食评估方法对子组的分析显示,没有显著差异.
结论:
- 目前的证据不支持高UPF摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间的显著关联.
- 尽管缺乏与前列腺癌的直接联系,但由于与其他慢性疾病的关联,减少UPF消费很重要.
- 需要通过改进的饮食评估方法进行进一步的研究,以澄清UPFs在前列腺癌发展中的作用.
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