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猫和狗的人群中黑猫偏见的明确和隐含措施
Greg C Elvers1, Brianna Gavin1, Robert J Crutcher1
1Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-1430, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|December 17, 2024
概括
黑猫偏见存在,特别是在狗爱好者中,在万圣节附近被放大. 猫爱好者表现出较少的偏见,表明动物偏好影响了对黑猫的看法.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 黑猫偏见,对黑猫的负面态度,是一种植根于迷信和文化关联的现象.
- 以前的研究并没有完全探索这种偏见的预测因素和流行率,使用明确和隐含的措施.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同动物偏好的个体 (猫人,狗人,狗和猫人) 中黑猫偏见的患病率和预测因素.
- 检查迷信信仰,巫术信仰和宗教信仰对黑猫偏见的影响.
- 评估时间接近万圣节对黑猫偏见隐性措施的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项研究:第一项研究使用了互联网样本 (N=114) 配有问卷和隐性关联任务 (IAT). 第二项研究使用了大学生样本 (N=37) 测量偏差两次,在万圣节前和附近.
- 参与者评价了猫,并完成了对迷信信仰,巫术信仰和宗教信仰的测量.
- 使用隐式关联任务 (IAT) 来测量黑猫与负面概念之间的自动关联.
主要成果:
- 隐含的黑猫偏见在狗爱好者和狗和猫爱好者中被发现,但在猫爱好者中没有.
- 在狗人中,对巫术的信仰与明确的黑猫偏见有积极的相关性.
- 隐含的黑猫偏差是显著更大,当测量更接近万圣节.
结论:
- 喜欢猫并不能保护黑猫偏见;相反,喜欢狗可能与偏见增加有关.
- 环境因素,如万圣节的接近,可以调节黑猫偏见.
- 研究结果表明,个人差异 (动物偏好,信仰) 和情境因素都会影响人们对黑猫的负面态度.
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