了解超加工食品,肥胖和其他慢性疾病之间的关系
1Centre for Science, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada.
Nutrients
|December 17, 2024
概括
超加工食品 (UPF) 是高度加工并含有添加剂的. 虽然与健康问题有关,但NOVA分类系统存在争议,可能会将健康食品错误地标记为UPF.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- NOVA系统根据加工而不是营养价值对食品进行分类.
- 超加工食品 (UPF) 的特点是工业加工和添加剂.
- 关于UPF的健康影响和分类是正在进行的辩论的主题.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估有关超加工食品 (UPF) 对健康影响的证据.
- 评估NOVA分类系统的有效性和局限性.
- 探索UPF与包括肥胖和慢性疾病在内的各种健康结果之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 对流行病学研究进行批判性审查,主要是前性队列研究.
- 对NOVA分类系统与传统营养评估相比的分析.
- 检查证据,将UPF消费与肥胖,心血管疾病,2型糖尿病和精神健康障碍联系起来.
主要成果:
- 流行病学研究始终将UPF摄入与肥胖,心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,抑郁症和全因死亡率的风险增加联系在一起.
- 由于NOVA系统忽视了营养成分,导致健康食品被纳入,不健康食品被排除在外.
- 由于高脂肪,糖和能量密度,UPFs与肥胖的因果途径密切相关.
结论:
- UPF与某些健康风险之间的关联可能是由UPF类别内的特定不健康成分驱动的.
- 在解释与UPF相关的健康研究时,需要仔细考虑NOVA分类的局限性.
- 虽然许多UPF都是致肥的,但广泛的分类可能不准确地反映了该类别内的所有食品对健康的影响.
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