2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变的发生率:使用真实世界的数据进行的一项研究
Carlos Hernández-Teixidó1,2,3,4, Joan Barrot de la Puente2,4,5, Sònia Miravet Jiménez2,6
1Primary Health Care Centre Burguillos del Cerro, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, 06370 Badajoz, Spain.
Journal of clinical medicine
|December 17, 2024
概括
在2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者中,糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 的发生率为每1000人年6.99. 较差的血糖控制 (HbA1c > 10%) 和较长的糖尿病持续时间显著增加了DR风险,强调需要定期查.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者失明的主要原因.
- 初级保健机构对于管理T2DM和监测诸如DR等并发症至关重要.
- 在现实环境中了解DR发病率和风险因素对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在西班牙加泰罗尼亚的2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者中糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 的发生率.
- 确定与该人群中DR发展相关的关键临床风险因素.
- 为DR预防和早期检测提供初级保健策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 使用SIDIAP数据库进行回顾性队列研究.
- 包括30至90岁的T2DM患者,他们在2010年至2015年期间接受了视网膜查.
- 多变量考克斯回归分析以评估风险因素,包括HbA1c,糖尿病持续时间和并发症.
主要成果:
- 分析了一组146,506名T2DM患者,平均随访时间为6.96年.
- DR的发病率为每1000人年6.99人 (DR发病的患者中有4.7%).
- 高HbA1c (>10%),糖尿病持续时间较长,男性性别,前吸烟者身份,大血管疾病和慢性病是显著的DR风险因素. 肥胖显示出一种保护作用 (HR:0.93).
结论:
- 在加泰罗尼亚的初级保健中,T2DM患者中DR的发病率为每1000人年6.99.
- 低于最佳的血糖控制 (HbA1c>10%) 和延长的糖尿病持续时间是DR的关键可修改的风险因素.
- 在初级保健中加强血糖控制管理和定期视网膜查对于预防DR进展和减少其负担至关重要.
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