滑轮速滑的训练:建议在初级和高级运动员中使用表面肌电图和动力学数据用于教育目的
Giulia Bongiorno1, Giulio Sisti2, Helena Biancuzzi3
1Friuli Riabilitazione Rehabilitation Center, 33080 Roveredo in Piano, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 17, 2024
概括
表面电肌学和动力学分析揭示了速度滑冰运动员的生物力学差异. 这些数据可以个性化训练,并防止由肌肉失衡引起的沟损伤.
科学领域:
- 体育 生物力学 运动 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 滚轮滑冰与其他运动具有相同的生物机械需求,但对速度滑冰运动员的具体数据很少.
- 部受伤在速滑运动中很常见,通常与急性和慢性肌肉压力有关.
- 表面电肌图 (sEMG) 和运动分析为监测性能和识别诸如肌肉不对称等受伤风险因素提供了先进的方法.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同技能水平的速度滑冰运动员在下肢肌肉活动和动力学中的生物力学差异.
- 使用sEMG和动力学分析建立精英运动员表现的基准.
- 探索这些技术在增强训练策略和预防体育特定伤害方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 试点研究涉及两名学员运动员和一名新手,与精英运动员的表现模型进行了基准测试.
- 使用表面电肌图 (sEMG) 来监测滑冰阶段的下肢肌肉激活.
- 使用三轴加速度计进行动力学分析,以评估运动模式和识别不对称性.
主要成果:
- 一名学员表现出动力学和肌肉效率,比另一名学员更接近精英模型.
- 与精英滑冰运动员相比,这两名学员都表现出明显的sEMG模式和不均的肌肉协同激活.
- 这位新手滑冰运动员表现出更大的运动振荡和过早的推进启动.
结论:
- sEMG和动力学分析有效地区分精英,学员和初学者速滑者.
- 鉴定的生物力学和肌肉不对称性为有针对性的培训计划开发提供了宝贵的见解.
- 这种方法支持创建个性化训练计划,并有助于预防肌肉过载伤害.
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