在年轻和年长的成年人中,行走时认知和视觉的影响
Trong Pham1, Meagan Suen2, Young-Hee Cho2
1Office of Research and Economic Development, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 17, 2024
概括
老年人在认知要求较高的任务中经历了更大的双重任务步行成本 (DTWC),特别是在外周视力丧失的情况下. 这表明他们优先考虑在具有挑战性的条件下步行稳定性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 双任务步行成本 (DTWC) 表示单任务和双任务步行之间的步行参数的差异.
- 众所周知,认知负荷和视力障碍会影响步行稳定性,特别是在老年人中.
- 了解这些相互作用对于预防跌倒和保持老年人群的流动性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同认知任务 (序列减法与Stroop) 和视觉条件 (正常与外围视力丧失) 对年轻人和老年人的DTWC的影响.
- 为了确定年龄如何缓和认知负载和视觉挑战在双重任务行走期间对步态参数的影响.
- 探索认知需求,视觉输入和步态控制在成年人一生中的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 参与者:20名年轻成年人 (平均年龄22.25岁) 和18名老年人 (平均年龄71.75岁).
- 任务:在正常和外围视力损失条件下,单任务行走,双任务行走 (在执行串行减法或Stroop任务时行走).
- 措施:对于各种步行参数 (例如步骤长度) 的双重任务步行成本 (DTWC).
主要成果:
- 认知任务,视觉和年龄之间没有显著的三向相互作用.
- 显著的双向相互作用:DTWC对于步骤长度在Stroop任务中比串行减法更大,特别是在老年人和外围视力丧失下.
- 总的来说,DTWC对于Stroop任务,外周视力丧失和老年人比年轻人更大.
结论:
- 老年人表现出更高的双重任务步行成本,表明认知负载和视觉挑战对他们的步行有更大的影响.
- 在面对认知需求时,老年人可能会比年轻人更优先考虑步态稳定,可能是为了弥补与年龄相关的视力和认知功能的下降.
- 未来的研究应该进一步阐明认知任务,视觉条件和年龄与步态控制之间的复杂相互作用.
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