极端温度对先天性心脏病死亡率的影响:基于人口的全国性病例交叉研究
Qiyu He1, Xinyue Lang2, Huayan Shen3
1Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific
|December 17, 2024
概括
低温显著增加先天性心脏病 (CHD) 死亡率,特别是在非季风地区和弱势群体中. 这强调了需要采取预防措施,防止CHD患者暴露在寒冷中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 有限的研究存在于先天性心脏病 (CHD) 和非最佳环境温度之间的联系.
- 极端温度可能会影响心血管疾病的死亡率,这一领域需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究极端环境温度对先天性心脏病 (CHD) 死亡率的影响.
- 为了确定易受温度相关的CHD死亡率的特定人群.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的病例交叉研究,利用中国国家死亡监测系统 (2013-2021) 的死亡记录.
- 温度和空气污染物数据来源于ERA5-Land和中国高空气污染物数据库.
- 进行了敏感性和子组分析,以验证研究结果并确定脆弱的人口统计.
主要成果:
- 在寒冷的温度和心血管疾病死亡率的增加之间发现了显著的关联,对于热量而言,观察到的影响最小.
- 极端寒冷导致全国每1000例中4.09例心血管疾病死亡,在非季风地区增加到每1000例中13.30.
- 女性和儿科CHD患者被确定为特别易受寒冷极端影响的人群.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个全国性的证据,证明极端寒冷会显著影响心血管疾病死亡率.
- 这些发现强调了建议冠状动脉疾病患者避免暴露于寒冷,并为公共卫生政策调整提供信息的重要性.
- 建议针对女性和儿童等弱势子组进行有针对性的干预.
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