在中国农村的幼儿中饮食多样性和发展
Yanyan Qin1,2, Ai Yue1,2, Yali Zhang1,2
1Center of Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Frontiers in public health
|December 17, 2024
概括
在中国农村地区改善饮食多样性显著提高了幼儿的认知和非认知发展. 改善营养也会导致疾病减少,促进儿童的整体福祉和长期健康结果.
科学领域:
- 儿科和儿童健康 儿科和儿童健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童早期的营养对认知发育至关重要,但在中国农村仍然存在营养不良和饮食多样性低的情况.
- 现有的研究往往依赖于相关数据,突出了对饮食多样性影响的强有力的经验证据的需要.
- 中国农村儿童的饮食多样性不足,可能会阻碍发育轨迹和健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于中国农村儿童饮食多样性和发育结果之间的关系的经验证据.
- 研究饮食多样性评分 (DDS) 对认知和非认知发展的影响.
- 评估DDS与儿童健康关键指标之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在中国农村,对1207名儿童 (6-23个月) 进行了长度队列研究,随访时间为51-83个月.
- 通过贝利尺度和韦克斯勒尺度评估认知发展;通过ASQ:SE和SDQ评估非认知发展.
- 多重线性回归与儿童固定效应和村级集群分析了DDS对发展和健康的影响.
主要成果:
- 在6-54个月的儿童中,在饮食多样性得分 (DDS) 和认知发育 (p < 0.01) 之间发现了显著的积极关联.
- 在2岁及以上的儿童中,DDS对非认知发育有强烈的积极影响 (p < 0.001).
- 增加的DDS与减少的疾病发病率有关 (p < 0.001) 并在固定效应模型中保持强.
结论:
- 优先考虑以营养为重点的干预措施和基于社区的护理人员培训对于改善农村地区儿童发展至关重要.
- 综合医疗保健和社会服务对于支持家庭改善儿童福祉和长期成果至关重要.
- 饮食多样性是影响中国农村幼儿认知,非认知和健康发展的关键因素.
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