过渡到成年期:自闭症年轻人的执行功能和独立生活技能
Anne C Sullivan1, Asha K Vas1, Wendi L Johnson1,2
1School of Occupational Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Dallas, TX, USA.
Occupational therapy in health care
|December 17, 2024
概括
自闭症成年人比神经典型成年人表现出较低的独立生活和执行功能技能. 基于绩效的评估揭示了具体的挑战,强调了需要量身定制的临床支持.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种影响社会沟通和行为的神经发育状况.
- 执行功能 (EF) 和独立生活技能 (ILS) 对于成年人的自主性至关重要.
- 了解成年自闭症患者的EF和ILS之间的关系对于有效的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自闭症和神经类型的年轻人之间的ILS和EF技能.
- 检查EF技能对自闭症年轻人ILS的贡献.
- 评估每周日历规划活动 (WCPA) 作为基于绩效的EF指标的实用性.
主要方法:
- 参与者:自闭症和神经类型的年轻人.
- 措施:用于ILS的自适应行为评估系统 (ABAS),用于EF的执行功能成人版本 (BRIEF-A) 的行为评级库存,以及基于绩效的EF的WCPA.
- 分析:群组比较和相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 与神经类型成年人相比,自闭症成年人表现出明显较低的ILS和EF技能 (p<.001).
- 自闭症成年人的WCPA表现显示在遵守规则,使用策略,准确性和自我意识方面存在缺陷.
- 自我报告的EF技能与自闭症成年人的ILS有很强的相关性.
- WCPA准确度与自我报告的EF相关,但与ABAS-3分数无关,表明自我报告与绩效差异.
结论:
- 自闭症年轻人在执行功能和独立生活技能方面面临重大挑战.
- 作为一种临床工具,WCPA显示出有前途,用于评估综合EF技能如何影响自闭症成年人的日常生活.
- 自我报告和基于绩效的EF指标之间的差异需要进一步调查个性化支持策略.
更多相关视频
10:32Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
Published on: April 23, 2014
18.4K
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
10.1K
相关概念视频
Emerging Adulthood
39
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
39
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
50
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
50
Autism Spectrum Disorder
59
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
59
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
24
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
24
Modeling in Therapy
46
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
46
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adulthood
52
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines a series of stages through which individuals progress across the lifespan. Each stage involves a psychosocial conflict that significantly influences personal growth and well-being. Three key stages — intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair — highlight the developmental challenges faced in adulthood.
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
52
