数字技术干预对老年人认知功能的有效性:随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析
Chen Chen1, Ning Huang1, Ban Hu1
1Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
GeroScience
|December 17, 2024
概括
数字技术干预显著提高了老年人的认知功能,改善了诸如记忆和处理速度等领域. 具体的干预设计和针对认知障碍的个体,为痴呆症预防带来最好的结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 数字健康数字健康
背景情况:
- 数字技术干预 (DTI) 显示出预防老年人认知能力下降的潜力.
- 现有的关于DTI有效性的审查证据是不确定的.
- 确定最佳的DTI需要检查研究设计和干预特征.
研究的目的:
- 评估DTI在改善老年人认知功能的有效性.
- 调查研究设计和干预特征如何适度DTI的有效性.
- 为预防和治疗痴呆症的临床策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,PsycINFO和Scopus数据库进行系统搜索,截至2023年5月26日.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 检查DTI对认知功能的影响.
- 使用标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和偏差风险评估的元分析和子组分析.
主要成果:
- DTI显著改善了全球认知功能 (SMD=0.479),注意力/处理速度 (SMD=0.488),执行功能 (SMD=0.287),立即回忆 (SMD=0.266) 和工作记忆 (SMD=0.307).
- 在认知障碍的老年人中,DTI更有效.
- 具体的干预特征 (如虚拟现实,专业指导,更长的会议) 提高了某些认知领域的有效性.
结论:
- 在60岁及以上的成年人中,DTI有效改善认知功能.
- 研究设计和干预特点显著影响DTI结果.
- 这些发现支持针对痴呆症预防和认知增强策略的定制DTI的使用.
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