儿童的日常体育活动,体育参与和执行功能
Lu Yang1, Eva Corpeleijn2, Esther Hartman1
1Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
JAMA network open
|December 17, 2024
概括
早期的身体活动与儿童的执行功能没有联系. 然而,与个人体育相比,团队体育参与与更好的执行功能有关.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对儿童的认知发展和日常功能至关重要.
- 早期体育活动,体育和EF之间的关系尚不清楚.
- 了解这些关联可以为促进儿童认知健康的干预提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期体育活动与体育参与与小学儿童执行功能之间的关联.
- 为了确定不同类型的体育活动和体育参与是否会影响执行功能发展.
- 提供关于优化体育活动指南的见解,以获得儿童认知益处.
主要方法:
- 一项对880名荷兰儿童进行的纵向队列研究 (格罗宁根肥胖儿童专家中心 (GECKO) Drenthe出生队列).
- 学前体育活动 (5-6岁) 通过加速度计测量;体育参与 (10-11岁) 通过问卷评估.
- 执行功能 (10-11岁) 通过执行功能的行为评分清单进行评估.
主要成果:
- 早期儿童中度至剧烈的体力活动与10-11岁的执行功能没有相关性.
- 较高的光线体育活动与较差的抑制控制和自我监测有关.
- 久坐时间与更好的抑制控制和自我监测有关.
- 与个人体育相比,团队体育参与与优越的整体执行功能,行为调节和元认知相关.
结论:
- 早期适度至剧烈的体力活动似乎不会影响中年儿童的执行功能.
- 参与团队体育运动显示出与儿童执行功能增强的积极关联.
- 研究结果表明,体育参与的类型,特别是以团队为基础的活动,可能比个人体育或一般体育活动水平更有利于执行功能发展.
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