甚至没有眼:分离,复杂的创伤暴露和降低惊反应能力
Wendy D'Andrea1, Steven Freed1, Jonathan DePierro1
1Department of Psychology, The New School, New York, USA.
概括
早期的创伤和分离与减少惊反应有关,这表明环境脱离. 这与创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 中典型的高震惊反应率形成鲜明对比.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 创伤研究 创伤研究
背景情况:
- 惊眼反射指向个体的刺激,潜在的信号威胁敏感性.
- 减弱的惊反射可能表明环境脱离,这是解离的潜在标志物.
- 以前的研究经常将创伤与夸张的惊反应联系在一起.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期/多重创伤,分离和PTSD症状严重程度与惊反射大小和习惯性之间的关系.
- 探索创伤时间是否影响惊吓反应模式.
- 检查分离是否与改变的惊反应性有关.
主要方法:
- 54名有创伤史的黑人大学生完成了对创伤暴露,PTSD症状和任务分离的自我报告措施.
- 参与者接受了一项标准的声学惊反射任务.
- 分析了启动数据的非线性反应性下降,特别是创伤特征和时间之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 患有早期创伤 (6岁之前) 和较高的任务分离的个体表现出明显下降的惊反应能力.
- 在多次创伤暴露或PTSD症状严重程度和惊反应之间没有发现显著的关系.
- 与预期相反,早期的创伤和分离与减弱的,而不是夸张的惊反应有关.
结论:
- 早期的生活创伤和离散经历与减少惊反应性有关,这表明环境脱离的模式.
- 这些发现与DSM-5解离性PTSD亚型一致.
- 结果表明,对于一些人来说,治疗目标可能需要考虑促进参与,而不是仅仅关注对压力因素的习惯.
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