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历史上的巴布亚移民到瓦拉西亚的遗传起源和影响
Gludhug A Purnomo1,2,3, Shimona Kealy4,5, Sue O'Connor4,5
1Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, The Environment Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
概括
基因组数据显示,华莱士人群主要是从新几内亚迁徙中获得巴布亚血统,而不是早期定居者. 这与澳大利亚的混合物一起,在过去的3,500年里塑造了该地区的遗传景观.
科学领域:
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
- 人类迁移 人类迁移
- 考古遗传学 考古遗传学
背景情况:
- 瓦拉西亚是5万年前由解剖学上现代人类 (AMH) 定居的,直到3500年前的澳大利亚人到来之前,人口是孤立的.
- 现代华莱士人的祖先显示了巴布亚和亚洲祖先的梯度,此前归因于当地与澳大利亚人的混合.
- 新出现的证据表明,巴布亚人的祖先可能起源于新几内亚的反向迁徙.
研究的目的:
- 为了重建瓦拉西亚的人口遗传历史.
- 确定华莱士人群中与巴布亚人相关的祖先的起源.
- 调查与澳大利亚海员的混合事件及其时间.
主要方法:
- 来自华莱士人和西巴布亚人群的250多个新基因组的全基因组分析.
- 人口遗传建模以推断祖先比例和迁移历史.
- 将遗传发现与考古学和语言学数据相结合.
主要成果:
- 证实了在瓦拉西亚的75-100%的巴布亚血统起源于史前新几内亚迁徙.
- 确定只有很小一部分巴布亚祖先来自最初的AMH定居者.
- 在瓦拉西亚西部/中部观察到巴布亚人和当地血统的混合,与大量的澳大利亚基因流 (约40-85%的祖先) 相吻合.
结论:
- 华莱士的遗传构成主要是由新几内亚移民和澳大利亚的混合物形成的,而不仅仅是早期的定居者.
- 混合事件是复杂的,发生在长时间内,包括历史时期.
- 这些发现突显出一个动态的人口历史,在过去的3500年里受到巴布亚基因,语言和文化的传播的影响.
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