在灾难中支持儿童的心理健康需求
Jennifer A Hoffmann1, Alba Pergjika2, Kimberly Burkhart3
1Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Pediatrics
|December 17, 2024
概括
儿童的心理健康需要一个全面的灾难方法,整合关怀在各个阶段. 卫生系统可以通过与社区合作,创造一个"儿科灾难护理系统",以公平地解决需求.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 灾难医学 灾难医学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 公共卫生紧急情况和灾难在美国频繁发生,需要为儿童的心理健康提供强有力的支持.
- 儿童在灾难期间和之后有独特的发展,社会,情感和行为需求.
- 现有的应急响应系统需要加强,以充分应对儿科精神健康危机.
研究的目的:
- 总结有关在灾难中有效解决儿童心理健康需求的证据.
- 概述将心理健康纳入所有灾难阶段 (准备,应对,恢复) 的战略.
- 探索儿童灾难心理健康响应的传统和新兴模式.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的证据和最佳实践在儿童的灾难心理健康.
- 讨论综合护理模式,包括国家儿童灾难心理健康行动概念.
- 检查社区伙伴关系和特定资源,如危机线和电话健康.
主要成果:
- 一个小小的东西.
- 儿科灾难系统的护理.
- 涉及社区伙伴关系 (学校,基于信仰的组织,公共卫生,执法) 对于广泛的接触至关重要.
- 需要特别注意患有先前存在的行为健康状况的儿童,以及少数群体和农村人口的平等获取.
- 有效的策略包括心理急救,查,分组和阶段性护理方法.
结论:
- 将心理健康整合到灾难准备,应对和恢复中,对儿童来说至关重要.
- 通过社区伙伴关系培养儿科灾难护理系统,可以提高服务供应.
- 公平的获取和量身定制的干预措施对于满足受灾儿童多样化的心理健康需求至关重要.
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