对心脏防御反应的注意力调节的自主贡献
Alba Garrido1, Stefan Duschek2, Jaime Vila1
1Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
注意力需求放大了对威胁的心脏防御反应,主要是通过副交感神经系统的调整. 这凸显了注意力集中如何影响对潜在危险的生理反应.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理生理学 心理生理学
背景情况:
- 心脏防御反应涉及与威胁检测和保护行动相关的明显心率变化.
- 自主神经系统控制,通过同情和副同情路径,调节这些心脏反应.
- 假设注意力过程会影响心脏防御反应,但确切的机制需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究注意力需求如何调节对听觉刺激的心脏防御反应.
- 确定自主心脏控制的作用,特别是同情和副同情活动,在这种调制中.
- 检查一项次要任务对心脏防御反应的生理标志物的影响.
主要方法:
- 60名健康受试者接受了听觉刺激,以引起心脏防御反应.
- 电心图,阻抗心图和持续的血压监测被用来评估自主控制 (排泄前期,心率变化,静心血压).
- 被试被分为两组:一组在刺激后执行视觉搜索任务,另一组没有接受任务.
主要成果:
- 任务执行强化了防御反应的第二个心率加速/减速组成部分.
- 在任务组的第二个组成部分期间,观察到较大的静缩血压下降.
- 在执行任务的受试者中,心率可变性反应减少,这表明了副交感性戒断.
结论:
- 心脏防御反应的第一个组成部分主要由副交感控制进行介导,而第二个则涉及同情和副交感机制.
- 注意力需求,特别是外部注意力,增强了心脏防御反应,可能是通过增加了副交感性撤回.
- 在这种反应过程中,交感控制似乎不受注意力需求的影响.
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