澳大利亚脑膜炎球菌监测计划年报,2023年
Monica M Lahra1,2, C R Robert George3, Sebastiaan van Hal4,5
1World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for STI and AMR, Sydney and Neisseria Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, 2031, NSW Australia.
Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
|December 17, 2024
概括
侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 报告在2023年在澳大利亚上升了14%,主要是由B血清组推动的. 大多数病例发生在幼儿和青少年身上,在一些菌株中发现了新兴的耐药性.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 侵入性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 是澳大利亚的一个重大公共卫生问题.
- 对IMD的监测对于了解疾病趋势和告知预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 报告2023年澳大利亚侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 的流行病学和实验室特征.
- 为了确定主导的血清组,遗传特征和抗微生物敏感性模式.
主要方法:
- 对向国家可通报疾病监测系统 (NNDSS) 报告的可能和实验室确认的IMD病例的分析.
- 使用细菌培养和核酸放大测试进行实验室确认.
- 血清组的确定,细型 (porA,MLST) 和抗菌敏感性测试.
主要成果:
- 与2022年相比,2023年IMD通知增加了14%,共计143起案件.
- 血清组B (MenB) 占主导地位 (84%),其次是MenW (8%) 和MenY (8%). 没有报告MenC病例.
- 在5岁以下的儿童和青少年 (15-24岁) 中发生率最高,男性B占主导地位. 成年人也占病例的很大一部分.
- 在9%的隔离物体中观察到青素耐药性,其中71%显示中等敏感性. 所有的分离物仍然对 ceftriaxone,西普罗夫洛克萨和利芬皮辛敏感.
结论:
- 侵入性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 仍然是澳大利亚的一个问题,在2023年显著增加.
- 血清组B继续是所有年龄组IMD的主要原因.
- 抗微生物药物耐药性模式需要持续监测,特别是对于青素.
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