儿童中年期安全基础脚本知识的遗传性:与附件脚本评估的双胞胎研究
Jana Runze1, Annemieke M Witte2, Marinus H van IJzendoorn3,4
1Research Institute for Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|December 17, 2024
概括
中年儿童的依恋安全性显示出显著的遗传性,这表明随着孩子的年龄增长,遗传因素起着更大的作用. 这与早期的童年发现形成鲜明对比,强调了遗传学对依恋风格的不断变化的影响.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 研究了依恋安全的个人差异的起源:自然与培养.
- 以前的研究表明,婴儿/幼儿时期的环境影响,但在青春期早期的遗传性.
- 还考虑了认知和语言能力 (包括智商) 在依恋中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查在中年儿童中依恋安全的双胞胎遗传性.
- 为了测试这种遗传性在儿童中期出现的假设.
- 探索这个年龄段的认知能力 (IQ) 和依恋之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 研究包括415对同性双胞胎 (年龄为8-11岁).
- 附着感被评估使用中童年附着感脚本评估.
- 用适合年龄的韦克斯勒尺度测量认知发育;由DNA决定的紫性.
主要成果:
- 发现附着性具有显著的附加遗传性 (38%).
- 没有检测到任何共同的环境组件.
- 这些发现与青春期早期的遗传性一致,与婴儿/幼儿期的结果有所不同.
结论:
- 基因与环境的相关性可能解释了儿童在中幼年期随着孩子塑造经验而增加的遗传性.
- 添加基因似乎在中年儿童的依恋中发挥了更重要的作用.
- 建议进行进一步的纵向双胞胎研究,以证实这些发现.
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