在出租车和救护车司机中阿尔茨海默氏病死亡率:基于人口的横截面研究
Vishal R Patel1,2, Michael Liu1, Christopher M Worsham1,3
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
概括
在所有职业中,出租车司机和救护车司机的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 死亡率最低. 这表明,需要显著的空间和导航技能的职业可能会对AD有保护作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病.
- 职业因素,特别是涉及认知需求的职业因素,正在研究它们在AD风险中的潜在作用.
- 空间和导航处理是复杂的认知功能,在某些专业中被大量利用.
研究的目的:
- 调查需要频繁空间和导航处理的职业与与阿尔茨海默病相关的死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了比较出租车司机和救护车司机与其他职业的阿尔茨海默氏病死亡率.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的,横截面研究,利用美国国家生命统计系统2020-2022年死亡证明.
- 分析包括超过890万已故的成年人,检查443个职业中因阿尔茨海默病而导致的死亡人数的百分比.
- 死亡率数据根据死亡年龄和社会人口统计学因素进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 阿尔茨海默病被列为研究人口的3.88%的死亡原因.
- 在所有职业中,出租车司机 (1.03%) 和救护车司机 (0.91%经调整后) 的阿尔茨海默病死亡率最低.
- 在其他与运输相关的工作或其他类型的痴呆症中没有观察到这种保护趋势.
结论:
- 像出租车司机和救护车司机这样的职业,严重涉及空间和导航处理,与阿尔茨海默病死亡率最低相关.
- 这些发现表明,密集的空间导航认知参与对阿尔茨海默病有潜在的保护作用.
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