戒烟和减少危害:正在进行的随机对照试验的系统概述
Mara Derissen1, Sebastian Scheliga2, Benjamin Clemens2,3
1Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany. marderissen@ukaachen.de.
对正在进行的戒烟试验的审查强调了对电子尼古丁输送系统和不同地理位置的更多研究的需要. 标准化报告对于有效的全球戒烟战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床试验 研究 研究 临床试验 临床试验
- 烟草成治疗方法 烟草成治疗方法
背景情况:
- 戒烟仍然是一个关键的公共卫生挑战.
- 目前正在进行的研究重点是针对戒烟和减少危害的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 这次审查评估了遵守德国S3烟草依赖指南的情况.
研究的目的:
- 检查正在进行的用于戒烟和减少危害的RCT.
- 评估德国S3烟草依赖指南的遵守情况.
- 确定烟草依赖治疗的研究缺口和被忽视的方面.
主要方法:
- 对正在进行的RCT进行国际临床试验注册平台的系统搜索.
- 利用PICOS计划,专注于一般人群,生化验证,心理咨询,远程医疗和尼古丁替代疗法/戒烟药物或电子尼古丁输送系统.
- 不包括完成,终止,未知或撤销的试验.
主要成果:
- 确定了30个正在进行的RCT,主要在北美.
- 试验往往针对社会经济弱势群体;很少关注癌症幸存者或吸烟相关疾病患者.
- 尼古丁替代疗法/药物是常见的;动机面试是最常见的心理治疗干预. 电子尼古丁输送系统的代表性不足 (4项试验).
结论:
- 迫切需要更多关于电子尼古丁输送系统和量身定制的心理治疗干预措施的RCT.
- 扩大北美以外的试验地点和标准化注册表报告对于全球适用性至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该调查电子尼古丁输送系统的长期风险/益处,特别是在高风险群体中,以提供指导方针.
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