通过生物标志物监测预测精神病复发:系统性审查
Alexandros Smyrnis1, Christos Theleritis1,2, Panagiotis Ferentinos2
1Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Sensorimotor Control, University Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute "COSTAS STEFANIS", Athens, Greece.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|December 18, 2024
概括
预测精神病复发对于早期干预至关重要. 这次审查发现各种生物标志物,包括遗传,血液,神经成像和认知标志物,显示出有希望的结果,可穿戴设备提供适度的预测准确性.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物标志物研究 生物标志物研究
背景情况:
- 了解精神病复发是及时干预和改善患者结果的关键.
- 生物标志物为预测精神病复发和了解其潜在病理学提供了潜在的可能性.
- 系统审查对于评估各种生物标志物的预测准确性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估各种精神病复发生物标志物的预测准确性.
- 在不同生物标志物类别中识别与精神病复发相关的潜在风险因素.
- 突出方法上的局限性和前性研究在复发预测中的价值.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Scopus中使用PRISMA指南进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 研究被分为五个生物标志物组:遗传,基于血液的,神经成像,认知行为和可穿戴设备.
- 在排除不相关记录后,共分析了42项独特研究.
主要成果:
- 遗传,血基 (例如,互乐金-6,维生素D),神经成像和认知生物标志物显示与复发的相关性.
- 基于可穿戴设备的机器学习模型,使用心率和加速等特征,实现了中度的预测准确性 (最大AUC = 0.77).
- 在前四个生物标志物组中,横截面设计限制了复发发病率的估计.
结论:
- 虽然各种生物标志物在识别复发风险方面表现有希望,但它们的预测能力各不相同.
- 可穿戴技术提供了更具体的复发预测,但缺乏病理生理学的洞察力.
- 为了全面了解和预测精神病复发,需要采用整合多种生物标志物的综合方法.
相关概念视频
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
59
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
59
01:28Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview
172
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
172
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
103
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
103
01:27Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
442
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
442
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
44
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
44
01:24Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview
130
Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
130