使用国家暴力死亡报告系统,从2010年到2021年,描述无家可归者中的暴力死亡情况
Bridget Duffy1, Saroj Bista1, Nichole L Michaels1,2,3
1Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|December 18, 2024
概括
无家可归是一个公共卫生危机. 无家可归者 (PEH) 面临更高的暴力死亡风险,通常与吸毒,心理健康问题和驱逐有关,突出了关键的干预需求.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 无家可归是美国的一个重大公共卫生问题,不成比例地影响着高死亡率和增加暴力风险的个人.
- 在无家可归者 (PEH) 中导致暴力死亡的风险因素尚未得到充分了解,需要进行全面的研究.
研究的目的:
- 综合描述PEH中暴力死亡事件,以告知未来的研究和预防策略.
- 为了比较PEH和没有经历无家可归的人 (PNEH) 之间的暴力死亡的特征和情况.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性研究分析了2010年至2021年间国家暴力死亡报告系统 (NVDRS) 的数据.
- 在7231名PEH和423,363名PNEH受害者中,暴力死亡死亡事件的描述和比较.
主要成果:
- 自杀 (44.9%) 和杀人 (31.0%) 是PEH人死亡的主要原因.
- 与PNEH相比,PEH的酒精和物质使用问题率更高,接受心理健康治疗的可能性更低.
- 驱逐/失去家园是PEH中自杀的常见因素,而PEH更有可能成为随机杀人的受害者.
结论:
- 在PEH中,暴力死亡表现出明显的特征,特别是在心理健康,物质使用和住房不稳定方面.
- 调查结果强调了针对预防自杀和解决无家可归人口中随机暴力受害的有针对性的干预措施的必要性.
- 改进数据收集和链接对于未来研究预防PEH中与暴力有关的死亡至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:55Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
Published on: January 8, 2020
14.4K
11:21Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
Published on: July 27, 2018
8.2K
相关概念视频
Bystander Effect
9.5K
The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
9.5K
Prevalence and Incidence
351
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
351
Fundamental Attribution Error
12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
153
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
153
Stereotype Content Model
14.0K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.0K
Hazard Rate
88
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
88
